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61 |
Genetically modified flies 'could save crops'
I was a reviewer for this MS... :-)
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7866 |
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62 |
Interesting popular press article about bees!
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795 |
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63 |
A 2012 PNAS paper showing the gut controls the tubules!
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12495 |
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64 |
Our nEUROSTRESSPEP partners in the news again
Diamondback moth this time
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7160 |
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65 |
Two Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels, Irk1 and Irk2, Play Redundant Roles in Drosophila Renal Tubule Function
Abstract
Inwardly rectifying potassium channels play essential roles in renal physiology across phyla. Barium-sensitive K+ conductances are found on the basolateral membrane of a variety of insect Malpighian (renal) tubules, including Drosophila melanogaster. We found that barium decreases the lumen-positive transepithelial potential difference in isolated perfused Drosophila tubules, and decreases fluid secretion and transepithelial K+ flux. In those insect species in which it has been studied, transcripts from multiple genes encoding inwardly rectifying K+ channels are expressed in the renal (Malpighian) tubule. In Drosophila melanogaster, this includes transcripts of the Irk1, Irk2 and Irk3 genes. The role of each of these gene products in renal tubule function is unknown. We found that simultaneous knockdown of Irk1 and Irk2 in the principal cell of the fly tubule decreases transepithelial K+ flux, with no additive effect of Irk3 knockdown, and decreases barium sensitivity of transepithelial K+ flux by approximately 50%. Knockdown of any of the three inwardly rectifying K+ channels individually has no effect, nor does knocking down Irk3 simultaneously with Irk1 or Irk2. Irk1/Irk2 principal cell double knockdown tubules remain sensitive to the kaliuretic effect of cAMP. Inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase with ouabain and Irk1/Irk2 double knockdown have additive effects on K+ flux, and 75% of transepithelial K+ transport is due to Irk1/Irk2 or ouabain-sensitive pathways. In conclusion, Irk1 and Irk2 play redundant roles in transepithelial ion transport in the Drosophila melanogaster renal tubule, and are additive to Na+/K+-ATPase-dependent pathways.
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7114 |
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66 |
Our lab in the news! : http://jeb.biologists.org/content/218/15/2320.short?rss=1
Our lab in the news!
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2835 |
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67 |
From mouth to anus: Functional and structural relevance of enteric neurons in the Drosophila melanogaster gut
from the epitheliome volume - relevant to our asymmetry paper.
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1266 |
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68 |
Remote control of renal physiology by the intestinal neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor in Drosophila
A paper on Drosophila Malpighian tubules in PNAS. Not by us.
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18681 |
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69 |
Paper on calcium and tubules by O'Donnell - relevant to stone folks
J Insect Physiol. 2016 Jan 20. pii: S0022-1910(16)30004-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.01.005. [Epub ahead of print]
Segment-specific Ca2+ transport by isolated Malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster: A comparison of larval and adult stages.
Browne A1, O'Donnell MJ
Abstract
Haemolymph calcium homeostasis in insects is achieved through the regulation of calcium excretion by Malpighian tubules in two ways: 1) sequestration of calcium within biomineralized granules and 2) secretion of calcium in soluble form within the primary urine. Using the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET), basolateral Ca2+ transport was measured at the distal, transitional, main and proximal tubular segments of anterior tubules isolated from both 3rd instar larvae and adults of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Basolateral Ca2+ transport exceeded transepithelial secretion by 800-fold and 11-fold in anterior tubules of larvae and adults, respectively. The magnitude of Ca2+ fluxes across the distal tubule of larvae and adults were larger than fluxes across the downstream segments by 10 and 40 times, respectively, indicating a dominant role for the distal segment in whole animal Ca2+ regulation. Basolateral Ca2+ transport across distal tubules of Drosophila varied throughout the life cycle; Ca2+ was released by distal tubules of larvae, taken up by distal tubules of young adults and was released once again by tubules of adults ⩾ 168 hours post-eclosion. In adults and larvae, SIET measurements revealed sites of both Ca2+ uptake and Ca2+ release across the basolateral surface of the distal segment of the same tubule, indicating that Ca2+ transport is bidirectional. Ca2+ uptake across the distal segment of tubules of young adults and Ca2+ release across the distal segment of tubules of older adults was also suggestive of reversible Ca2+ storage. Our results suggest that the distal tubules of D. melanogaster are dynamic calcium stores which allow efficient haemolymph calcium regulation through active Ca2+ sequestration during periods of high dietary calcium intake and passive Ca2+ release during periods of calcium deficiency.
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1748 |
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70 |
Bluetongue is back!
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1490 |
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71 |
And the UK's #1 pest insect is...
...drumroll of anticipation, as the camera cuts from one nervous-looking insect to another...
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3940 |
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72 |
Gene drive- a rival to Oxitec?
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880 |
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73 |
Cool technique to evolve a better Bt
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1218 |
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74 |
Wolbachia protects mosquitoes against Zika
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1223 |
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75 |
Real-time calcium imaging of whole live Drosophila embryos and larvae
But I don't think we'll be building one anytime soon...
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1110 |
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76 |
Drosophila Genotype Influences Commensal Bacterial Levels
Interesting approach, using inbred fly lines
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3407 |
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77 |
An Eye on Trafficking Genes: Identification of Four Eye Color Mutations in Drosophila
Identifies interesting pigment genes like chocolate and red malpighian tubules
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5131 |
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78 |
A recent review on tubules from India
Quite wide coverage
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1797 |
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79 |
Flybook review on CRISPR in Drosophila and other insects
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5599 |
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80 |
Drosophila carboxypeptidase D (SILVER) is a key enzyme in neuropeptide processing required to maintain locomotor activity levels and survival rate
Neuropeptides are processed from larger preproproteins by a dedicated set of enzymes. The molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying preproprotein processing and the functional importance of processing enzymes are well characterised in mammals, but little studied outside this group. In contrast to mammals, Drosophila lacks a gene for carboxypeptidase E (CPE), a key enzyme for mammalian peptide processing. By combining peptidomics and neurogenetics, we addressed the role of Drosophila carboxypeptidase D (dCPD) in global neuropeptide processing and selected peptide-regulated behaviours. We found that a deficiency in dCPD results in C-terminally extended peptides across the peptidome, suggesting that dCPD took over CPE function in the fruit fly. dCPD is widely expressed throughout the nervous system, including peptidergic neurons in the mushroom body and neuroendocrine cells expressing adipokinetic hormone. Conditional hypomorphic mutation in the dCPD-encoding gene silver in the larva causes lethality, and leads to deficits in adult starvation-induced hyperactivity and appetitive gustatory preference, as well as to reduced survival rate and activity levels. A phylogenomic analysis suggests that loss of CPE is not a common insect feature, but specifically occured in Hymenoptera and Diptera. Our results show that dCPD is a key enzyme for neuropeptide processing in Drosophila, and is required for proper peptide-regulated behaviour. dCPD thus appears as a suitable target to genetically shut down total neuropeptide production in peptidergic neurons. Our results raise the question why Drosophila and other Diptera and Hymenoptera, unlike other insects, obviously have lost the gene for CPE but kept a gene encoding CPD.
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7276 |
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